Typhoid

Typhoid Vaccines and Vaccinations in the West Midlands

We provide a full range of Typhoid travel vaccinations and medication in the West Midland area

Typhoid Vaccination

Typhoid

Typhoid is caused following the ingestion of contaminated food or water infected with the bacterium Salmonella enterica, serotype typhi. Paratyphoid fever is less severe but clinically similar, caused by Salmonella paratyphi.

The vast majority of cases occur in Asia but there are still reports of infections across the world, particularly in Africa and parts of Central & South America.

At the West Midlands Travel Clinic we can discuss with you the Typhoid Vaccine and guide you in the right direction when travelling abroad.

Contact our Clinics View All Vaccine Prices

Vaccination Pricing

£40 Per dose

£40 Per Course

Signs & Symptoms

Symptoms of typhoid and paratyphoid include:

  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Muscle or joint pains
  • Constipation or diarrhoea
  • Rash
  • Complications include intestinal bleeding and perforation

The Vaccination

Typhoid injection

Ages (Years) Doses Required Schedule Time before travel Boost required at
2 – 85 1 7 – 10 days 3 years

Oral Typhoid

Ages (Years) Doses Required Schedule Time before travel Boost required at
6 – 85 3 0 ,2, 4 days 10 days See specialist pharmacist

Hepatits A & Typhoid Combined vaccine

Ages (Years) Doses Required Schedule Time before travel Boost required at
16 – 85 1 1 – 2 weeks preferably but anytime ok* Hep A booster only given at 6-12 months after 1st dose

*The vaccine will be at its most effective if it's given time to become active. Some immunity will be provided if you get it up to the day before travel.

How do you catch Typhoid?

Typhoid fever is primarily caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi) and is typically transmitted through contaminated food or water. The most common ways to catch typhoid include:

  1. Ingesting contaminated food: Consuming food that has been prepared or handled by an infected individual who did not practice proper hygiene can introduce the typhoid bacteria into the body. This can occur when food is contaminated with fecal matter containing the bacteria.
  2. Drinking contaminated water: Consuming water from sources contaminated with the typhoid bacteria, such as untreated or inadequately treated water, can lead to infection. This is especially common in areas with poor sanitation and inadequate water supply systems.
  3. Contact with carriers: Typhoid carriers are individuals who have recovered from typhoid fever but still harbor the bacteria in their body. Coming into close contact with carriers, such as through personal contact or handling objects contaminated with their feces, can result in transmission.
  4. Poor sanitation and hygiene: Living in or visiting areas with inadequate sanitation practices, such as lack of proper sewage disposal or handwashing facilities, increases the risk of contracting typhoid.

It is important to note that typhoid fever is more prevalent in regions with limited access to clean water and proper sanitation. Practicing good personal hygiene, drinking safe water, and consuming properly cooked food are essential preventive measures. Vaccination against typhoid is also available and is recommended for individuals traveling to areas with a high risk of the disease.

Who is at risk from Typhoid?

Typhoid fever can affect individuals of all ages, but certain groups are at higher risk of contracting the disease. The following individuals are more susceptible to typhoid:

  1. Travelers to high-risk areas: People traveling to regions where typhoid fever is endemic or experiencing outbreaks, particularly in areas with inadequate sanitation and limited access to clean water, are at increased risk. Consuming contaminated food or water in these areas can lead to infection.
  2. Residents of endemic regions: Individuals living in regions with ongoing transmission of typhoid fever, especially those with poor sanitation infrastructure and limited access to clean water, are at higher risk. This includes communities with inadequate sewage systems and hygiene practices.
  3. Food handlers and healthcare workers: People working in occupations that involve handling food or providing healthcare services may have an increased risk of exposure to the typhoid bacteria. Lack of proper hygiene practices in these settings can contribute to transmission.
  4. Close contacts of infected individuals: Individuals who come into close contact with someone infected with typhoid fever, particularly carriers of the bacteria, are at higher risk. This includes household members, caregivers, or individuals living in crowded conditions.
  5. Individuals with compromised immune systems: People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing certain medical treatments, may be more susceptible to severe forms of typhoid fever if they become infected.

It is important for individuals in high-risk groups to practice preventive measures, such as maintaining good hygiene, consuming safe food and water, and considering vaccination. Vaccination against typhoid is available and can help reduce the risk of infection for travelers and individuals living in endemic regions.

Symptoms of Typhoid

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi). The symptoms of typhoid can be variable, and they usually develop gradually over a period of one to three weeks after exposure to the bacteria. Common symptoms include:

  1. Sustained high fever: Persistent and high-grade fever, often rising to 39-40°C (102-104°F), is a hallmark symptom of typhoid fever. The fever may fluctuate throughout the day.
  2. Weakness and fatigue: Feelings of weakness, fatigue, and general malaise are common during the course of the illness.
  3. Abdominal pain: Abdominal discomfort or pain is a frequent symptom, typically located in the area around the navel. The pain may be mild or severe and can worsen with time.
  4. Loss of appetite: Many individuals with typhoid fever experience a significant decrease in appetite, resulting in weight loss.
  5. Headaches: Intense headaches, often described as a throbbing sensation, can occur.
  6. Diarrhea or constipation: Some individuals may experience changes in bowel movements, alternating between diarrhea and constipation.
  7. Rose-colored spots: A characteristic sign of typhoid fever is the development of small, rose-colored spots on the trunk and abdomen. These spots, known as "rose spots," typically fade within a week.
  8. Enlarged spleen and liver: In some cases, the spleen and liver may become enlarged, leading to tenderness and discomfort in the upper abdomen.

It's important to note that symptoms can vary from person to person, and some individuals, particularly children, may exhibit milder symptoms or no symptoms at all while still carrying the bacteria and being capable of spreading the infection. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to manage the illness and prevent complications. If typhoid fever is suspected, medical attention should be sought promptly.

What are the Typhoid Risk Areas?

Typhoid Risk Areas

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